Sources and review status

Items 01–14 are reconstructed from materials produced by this association in 2016, with the first-aid wording checked against Okinawa Prefecture’s “Beware!! Dangerous Marine Life” (updated June 12, 2026).

The six species 15–20 use photographs provided by the Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment (沖縄県衛生環境研究所), received September 14, 2026. The credit “Photo: Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment” is shown on both the list and the detail view. The text is our summary and rearrangement for web publication, based on the prefecture’s “Beware!! Dangerous Marine Life” and the materials linked from that page.

The first-aid text was reviewed in full by the Health Science Division of the Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment and corrected as instructed (September 24, 2026).

Checked by the Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment (September 24, 2026)

• The photographs for items 15–20 are used with the permission of the Okinawa Prefectural Institute of Health and Environment.
• The same first-aid wording may be used for the Portuguese Man o’ War and the Unbachi Sea Anemone; on their instruction, “nematocyst spheres” was dropped for the former and “tentacles” for the latter.
• The Long-spined Sea Urchin is described as living on coral reefs and rocky areas and being active at night.
• Symptoms for the Portuguese Man o’ War and the blue-ringed octopuses were added as instructed.
• The name “Blue-ringed Octopuses” was kept, with the species in the photograph noted in the text.
• On the Institute’s instruction, a note to begin CPR if breathing or the heartbeat has stopped was added to the first aid for the Habu Jellyfish and the Reef Stonefish.